ally; and this is untrue. Therefore there is no sin without an act. On the contrary, It is written ( James 4:17 ): "To him . . . who knoweth to do good, and doth it not, to him it is a sin." Now "not to do" does not imply an act. Therefore sin can be without act. I answer that, T…

ho knew that the will of his lord . . . and did not . . . shall be beaten with many stripes," and of James 4:17 : "To him . . . who knoweth to do good, and doth it not, to him it is a sin." Consequently he was not altogether right, and it is necessary, with the Philosopher (Ethic…

as stated above (Q[9], A[5]). But speculative knowledge can be also in the unrighteous, according to James 4:17 : "To him . . . who knoweth to do good, and doth it not, to him it is a sin." Therefore the gift of knowledge is not speculative but practical. On the contrary, Gregory…